Learn English: Starling Society: More Than Just Family (normal)

Superb starlings exhibit surprising cooperative breeding behaviors, going beyond typical family-based assistance.

These birds form strong social bonds, with unrelated individuals reciprocally helping raise each other's young.

This reciprocal altruism, involving food sharing and predator defense, strengthens the overall flock cohesion.

The long-term study reveals a complex social system based on mutual support and benefits, defying simple kinship explanations.